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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarem | om šoŋgemdare |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdaret | ot šoŋgemdare |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdara | ok/ogeš šoŋgemdare |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarena | ona/ogə̑na šoŋgemdare |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdareda | oda/ogə̑da šoŋgemdare |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarat | ogə̑t šoŋgemdare |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑šə̑m | šə̑m šoŋgemdare |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šoŋgemdare |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑š | ə̑š šoŋgemdare |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑šna | ə̑šna šoŋgemdare |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑šda | ə̑šda šoŋgemdare |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑št | ə̑št šoŋgemdare |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarenam | šoŋgemdaren omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdarenat | šoŋgemdaren otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdaren | šoŋgemdaren ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarenna | šoŋgemdaren onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarenda | šoŋgemdaren odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarenə̑t | šoŋgemdaren ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarem ə̑l'e | om šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdaret ə̑l'e | ot šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdara ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdareda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarem ulmaš | om šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdaret ulmaš | ot šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdara ulmaš | ok/ogeš šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdareda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarat ulmaš | ogə̑t šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarenam ə̑l'e | šoŋgemdaren omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdarenat ə̑l'e | šoŋgemdaren otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdaren ə̑l'e | šoŋgemdaren ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarenna ə̑l'e | šoŋgemdaren onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarenda ə̑l'e | šoŋgemdaren odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdaren ə̑l'e | šoŋgemdaren ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarenam ulmaš | šoŋgemdaren omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdarenat ulmaš | šoŋgemdaren otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdaren ulmaš | šoŋgemdaren ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarenna ulmaš | šoŋgemdaren onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarenda ulmaš | šoŋgemdaren odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdaren ulmaš | šoŋgemdaren ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdare | it šoŋgemdare |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑že | ə̑nže šoŋgemdare |
| 1PL: | (šoŋgemdarena) | (ona/ogə̑na šoŋgemdare) |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑za | ida šoŋgemdare |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šoŋgemdare |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑nem | ə̑nem šoŋgemdare |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑net | ə̑net šoŋgemdare |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑neže | ə̑než šoŋgemdare |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑nena | ə̑nena šoŋgemdare |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑neda | ə̑neda šoŋgemdare |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑nešt | ə̑nešt šoŋgemdare |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šoŋgemdare ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šoŋgemdarə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šoŋgemdarə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šoŋgemdare ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šoŋgemdaraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šoŋgemdarə̑man |
| Active participle: | šoŋgemdarə̑še |
| Passive participle: | šoŋgemdarə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šoŋgemdarə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | šoŋgemdarə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šoŋgemdaren |
| Negative gerund: | šoŋgemdarə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | šoŋgemdarə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šoŋgemdarə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šoŋgemdarə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šoŋgemdarə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | šoŋgemdarə̑də̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||